作者王永利

刘长卿（约709-780），字文房，世称刘随州，中唐诗坛承前启后的关键人物，时人誉之“五言长城”。他的创作横跨四个维度：羁旅之苦——贬谪路上的孤独与坚韧；怀古之思——历史兴亡的深沉叩问；禅隐之境——山水清寂中的精神栖居；伤乱之痛——安史之乱后的家国疮痍。艺术上，他承接王维的山水清寂，融入杜甫的乱世沉郁，开大历诗坛“淡远凄清”一派。其诗字句精炼而意境幽冷，兼具个人情感的真挚与时代命运的厚重，是中唐诗歌审美转型的标志性人物。

长期以来，海外汉诗英译集中于李白、杜甫、王维、韦应物等大家，刘长卿作为“五言长城”，却没有独立的精品英译单行本。这不仅是出版市场的空白，更是中国文化对外传播的缺憾。

本次甄选的十六首传世之作，涵盖五绝、五律、七律、古风、七绝五大体裁，完整覆盖其人生境遇与诗歌风格。译文严格遵循“以诗译诗、信达雅、功能对等”原则，对标国际通行的格律范式，力求在保留原诗神韵的同时，让英语读者感受到中国古典诗歌的音韵之美、意象之深、境界之高。

-其一《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》

日暮苍山远，天寒白屋贫。

柴门闻犬吠，风雪夜归人。

Lodging at Hibiscus Mountain on a Snowy Dusk

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

When sun dips low, blue hills recede afar,

Sharp cold chills the humble cottage bare.

Beneath the wicker gate a hound’s clear bark rings;

Through wind and snow a wanderer homeward springs.

其二 《送灵澈上人》

苍苍竹林寺，杳杳钟声晚。

荷笠带夕阳，青山独归远。

勘校；夕阳，一作斜阳。

Bidding Farewell to Monk Lingche

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Green bamboo cloaks the old monastic shrine,

Faint evening bells across the dusk decline.

Your straw hat slung, bathed in sunset’s amber glow,

Alone you trudge through blue hills, fading slow.

其三 《送方外上人》

孤云将野鹤，岂向人间住。

莫买沃洲山，时人已知处。

Seeing Off the Pilgrim Monk Fangwai

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

A lone cloud escorts the wild crane on high,

How could they lodge where mortal men comply?

Buy not Mount Wozhou, where hermits yearn to dwell—

The world has found this hermit’s quiet dell.

其四 《新年作》

乡心新岁切，天畔独潸然。

老至居人下，春归在客先。

岭猿同旦暮，江柳共风烟。

已似长沙傅，从今又几年。

Verses Composed on New Year’s Day in Exile

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

New Year stirs homesick grief that gnaws my breast,

I shed lone tears beneath far heaven’s crest.

Old age bows low beneath men’s higher rank;

Spring comes to earth before the exile’s bank.

Hill apes wail dawn and dusk beside my way;

River willows share mist wind day by day.

I dwell like Jia Yi, banished long ago—

How many weary years have yet to flow?

其五 《馀干旅舍》

摇落暮天迥，青枫霜叶稀。

孤城向水闭，独鸟背人飞。

渡口月初上，邻家渔未归。

乡心正欲绝，何处捣寒衣。

A Lodge at Yugan

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Fallen leaves stretch wide beneath dusk’s pale dome,

Maple boughs thin with frost where cold winds roam.

A lone walled town shuts tight beside the tide;

One bird flies far, and turns its back to my side.

Above the ferry moon begins to rise;

Neighboring fishermen linger ‘neath dark skies.

My longing for my homeland nears its end—

Where maidens beat cold garments, grief to lend?

其六 《碧涧别墅喜皇甫侍御相访》

荒村带返照，落叶乱纷纷。

古路无行客，寒山独见君。

野桥经雨断，涧水向田分。

不为怜同病，何人到白云。

Joy at Censor Huangfu’s Visit to My Green Stream Villa

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Waste village glows in sunset’s fading fire,

Fallen leaves swirl in wild unruly choir.

No travelers tread the ancient overgrown track;

Through cold hills you alone have sought my shack.

The rustic bridge broke down beneath rain’s weight;

Mountain brooks split to feed the farmstead’s gate.

Save one who shares my banished bitter pain,

Who’d climb through cloud-wreathed peaks to see meplain?

其七 《穆陵关北逢人归渔阳》

逢君穆陵路，匹马向桑乾。

楚国苍山古，幽州白日寒。

城池百战后，耆旧几家残。

处处蓬蒿遍，归人掩泪看。

Meeting a Traveler Bound for Yuyang North of MulingPass

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

I meet you on Muling’s stony trail,

One steed bears you toward Sanggan’s pale vale.

Chu’s blue hills stand through ages old and grey;

Youzhou’s broad sun breathes bitter cold all day.

Hundredfold wars have laid all towns to waste;

How few old clans survive the ruin’s taste!

Wild weeds and thorns stretch wide on every side;

The homebound wayfarer conceals tears he can’t hide.

其八 《饯别王十一南游》

望君烟水阔，挥手泪沾巾。

飞鸟没何处，青山空向人。

长江一帆远，落日五湖春。

谁见汀洲上，相思愁白蘋。

Farewell to Eleventh Wang on His Southern Journey

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Far misty waves stretch onward—endless, deep—

I wave farewell, my kerchief steeped in weep.

Where vanish all the birds that take their flight?

Blue hills stand mute to soothe my lonely plight.

One sail drifts far down Yangtze’s endless tide;

Sunset gilds spring across Five Lakes wide.

Who lingers on the sandbank, lost in woe,

His heart consumed by grief for white duckweed’s glow?

其九 《秋日登吴公台上寺远眺》

古台摇落后，秋日望乡心。

野寺人来少，云峰水隔深。

夕阳依旧垒，寒磬满空林。

惆怅南朝事，长江独至今。

【题注】寺即陈将吴明彻战场

Distant View from the Temple atop Lord Wu’s Terrace inAutumn

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

The ancient tower crumbles, stripped of grace;

Autumn sun wakes my homesick longing trace.

Few pilgrims tread the wild remote temple’s ground;

Cloud-wreathed peaks stand parted by waters profound.

Sunset caresses old war mounds once grand;

Cold chime tones fill the empty wooded land.

I grieve the Southern Dynasties’ faded tale—

Yangtze rolls on, alone through time’s long veil.

其十 《长沙过贾谊宅》

三年谪宦此栖迟，万古惟留楚客悲。

秋草独寻人去后，寒林空见日斜时。

汉文有道恩犹薄，湘水无情吊岂知。

寂寂江山摇落处，怜君何事到天涯。

Passing Jia Yi’s Abode in Changsha

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Three years of exile kept you bound to this shore,

Your grief lingers through ten thousand years of yore.

I tread autumn grass where your old steps once trod,

Cold forlorn woods hold only sunset’s waning rod.

Emperor Wen ruled wise, yet grace was thin and rare;

The icy Xiang River feels no grief for your sad care.

Mid falling leaves and silent hills I sigh—

Poor soul, what wrong drove you to earth’s far sky?

其十一 《江州重别薛六柳八二员外》

生涯岂料承优诏，世事空知学醉歌。

江上月明胡雁过，淮南木落楚山多。

寄身且喜沧洲近，顾影无如白发何。

今日龙钟人共弃，愧君犹遣慎风波。

Second Farewell to Sixth Xue and Eighth Liu atJiangzhou

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

I never dreamed a kind edict would descend,

I learn to sing drunk lays where worldly cares end.

Moonlight floods river waves, wild geese southwardstray;

Huainan leaves fall thick o’er Chu hills arrayed.

I cheer the sea’s wild shore near my poor cell,

Yet gaze at white hairs, grief I can’t dispel.

All men discard my aged feeble frame—

I blush you bid me shun life’s storm and flame.

其十二 《别严士元》

春风倚棹阖闾城，水国春寒阴复晴。

细雨湿衣看不见，闲花落地听无声。

日斜（一作“斜阳”）江上孤帆影，草绿湖南万里情。

东道若逢相识问，青袍（一作“儒生”）今已误儒生（一作“误此生”）。

注：阖闾城即苏州；青袍指低品文官服色。

Farewell to Yan Shiyuan at Suzhou

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty) ·

Translated by Wang Yongli

Spring breeze leans on the oar by Helü's wall,

In watery land spring chill shifts bright to fall.

Fine rain wets robes, unseen by mortal eye;

Idle flowers drop to earth without a sigh.

The sun slants low, one lonely sail's adrift;

Green grass by Hunan spreads love's miles adrift.

Should friends at banquet ask how fares your man—

"Blue-robed, he finds the scholar's life aban."

Note: Helu City refers to Suzhou; Qingpao refers to theattire color of low-ranking civil officials.

其十三 《寻南溪常山道人隐居》

一路经行处，莓苔（一作“莓台”）见履痕。

白云依静渚，春草闭闲门。

过雨看松色，随山到水源。

溪花与禅意，相对亦忘言。

注：常山道人，名未详。

Seeking the Hermit Daoist of Mount Chang by South Brook

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Along the path where treads have passed before,

Moss and soft lichen mark the sandal's score.

White clouds lean on the silent islet's breast;

Spring grass has locked the idle gate's unrest.

Past rain I watch the pine's refreshed dark hue;

Following hills, I reach the fountain's view.

Brook flowers and Zen in stillness face to face—

We meet in wordless speech, and time erases.

Note: The name of Changshan Taoist is unknown.

其十四 《重送裴郎中贬吉州》

猿啼客散暮江头，人自伤心水自流。

同作逐臣君更远，青山万里一孤舟。

A Second Farewell to Attendant Pei Exiled to Jizhou

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Gibbons wail, guests depart by dusk river shore;

My heart grieves deep, the stream flows evermore.

Both banished men—yourexile stretches farther still;

One lonely boat sails past ten thousand green hills.

其十五 《送李中丞归汉阳别业》

流落征南将，曾驱十万师。

罢归无旧业，老去恋明时。

独立三边静，轻生一剑知。

茫茫江汉上，日暮欲何之。

Seeing Off Commander Li toHis Estate in Hanyang

By Liu Changqing (TangDynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

A fallen general who foughtthe southern shore,

Once led a hundred thousandtroops to war.

Dismissed, he owns no land,no old estate;

In his late years he lovesthe reign so great.

Alone he kept the threefrontiers at peace;

His sword alone knows how herisked his lease.

On vast Yangtze and Han'swide-streaming tide,

At dusk, O where, my friend,will you abide?

其十六 《登余干古县城》

孤城上与白云齐，万古荒凉楚水西。

官舍已空秋草绿（一作“秋草没”），女墙犹在夜乌啼。

平江（一作“平沙”）渺渺来人远，落日亭亭向客低。

沙鸟不知陵谷变，朝飞暮去弋阳溪。

Ascending the Ancient City Wall of Yugan

By Liu Changqing (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

The lonely wall rivals the clouds on high,

Through endless years desolation by riverside.

Empty official residence, autumn grass grows green;

Battlements still stand where night crows keen.

The boundless river stretches far and wide,

The setting sun sinks low before the tide.

The gulls know not how hills to vales give way—

At dawn they fly, at dusk to Yiyang Bay.

从“日暮苍山远”的孤寂旅途，到“青山万里一孤舟”的贬谪苍凉；从“溪花与禅意，相对亦忘言”的山林禅寂，到“长江独至今”的历史浩叹——刘长卿用十六首诗，为后世留下了一个中唐文人最真实的心灵档案，兼具共情力与文学史标杆价值。这套译作的问世，意味着：刘长卿不再只是学术论文中的脚注，而是可以独立走向世界的诗人，中唐诗风的多元面貌得以更完整地呈现给全球读者，中国文化“走出去”从“点状传播”迈向“系统输出”。

以诗为桥，以译为舟——让中国古典诗歌的光芒，照亮世界的每一个角落。（翻译 王永利）